菸菸一熄：國人吸菸率造成因素調查

Abstract

中文摘要 一直以來我國政府致力於菸害防治政策的施行，從教育、政策、法律與相關稅法等多個不同層面同時進行努力希望能降低國人吸菸率，本篇研究目的希望藉由分析國人的吸菸習慣究竟是受何因素影響，來探討受影響的源由，並分析這些因素是否會造成長期總體吸菸率的改變，發掘相關的潛在問題並檢討近期政策的成效，而我們希望能從分析的結果中找到現今環境下更合適的政策方向。

為了瞭解上述問題，本文自衛生福利部國民健康署擷取歷年國人吸菸習慣的調查資料，並以性別、年齡、教育水準、個人所得、家庭環境與健康狀況作為可能影響國民吸菸率的因素來進行探討，分別擷取不同年份之資料進行分析。分析的方法有圖表分析、卡方獨立性檢定與卡方多母體比例相同性檢定等，而分析結果顯示現有證據足以支持我們所提出的所有因素對於國人的吸菸習慣具有關聯，而經由不同年份的結果比較發現，我們推測影響近年「吸菸率下降」最主要的原因是健康因素。而本文在結論中也肯定政府近年的菸害防治政策成效，國民吸菸率確實有下降之趨勢。再者，我們也從相關分析的結果提出如何使吸菸率持續下降，以達到無菸的理想社會之建議，一是提高相關菸品稅捐以增加購買的門檻，二是在各類媒體上加強菸害的相關宣導以達到嚇阻的效果。最後，我們希望透過社會大眾一同傳遞吸菸有損他人權益的價值觀，期待在社會風氣改變之後能到達無菸社會的理想狀態。

Abstract The Taiwanese government has been committed to the implementation of smoking prevention and control policies. It has been worked at the same time from multiple levels of education, policy, law and related tax laws to reduce the smoking rate of Taiwanese people. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors which affect smoking habits. We explore the reasons for smoking and analyze whether these factors will cause changes in the overall smoking rate in the long-term. Further, we explore related potential problems and review the effectiveness of recent policies. Finally, we suggest a more appropriate policy direction under the current environment by our findings.

We extract the data from the National Health Administration of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. The selected factors are gender, age, education levels, personal income, family situation and health status. Those factors are mainly considered as effective variables for the smoking rate. The analysis methods used include descriptive statistics, Chi-square independence test and the Chi-square test for the identity of proportions. The results show that all factors can cause the changes of the smoking rate of Taiwanese people. For the comparison of different years, we obtain that the main reason for the "decline in smoking rate" in recent years is health. We conclude that the policies of smoking prevention in recent years have some effectiveness, and the national smoking rate has a downward trend. After obtaining the relevant analysis conclusions, we provide two suggestions to make the smoking rate continually falling. The first is to increase the relevant taxes to increase the threshold for obtaining tobacco products, and the second is to strengthen the promotion of tobacco harm in various media to achieve the deterrent effect. Finally, we hope that the public will share that smoking is harmful to the rights of others. The values of the company are expected to reach the ideal of a smoke-free society after the social climate changes.