分析Airbnb的雲端服務模式

Abstract

中文摘要 本研究以Airbnb為案例，探討雲端計算在旅宿產業中的應用及其帶來的影響。隨著平台自2008年創立以來快速成長，Airbnb面臨基礎設施擴展困難、全球化需求、資料管理複雜性及高昂成本等挑戰。為解決這些問題，Airbnb 採取將核心IT架構遷移至Amazon Web Services (AWS)的策略，並逐步完成從單體應用到微服務，再到服務整合架構的演進。其運行模式涵蓋IaaS、PaaS與SaaS，並以公有雲部署為主，藉由AWS的全球基礎設施支援快速擴展、提升可用性與強化安全性。 雲端轉型帶來多方面效益：技術上，系統具備彈性擴展、高可用性與高效資料處理能力；營運上，透過無伺服器架構與即用即付機制降低成本，並藉由全球佈局提升服務一致性與合規性；商業上，改善使用者體驗、強化行銷精準度與營收模式，並增強企業快速應變與創新能力。進一步地，AI技術的介入使Airbnb能透過搜尋與推薦系統、動態定價、客服自動化、詐騙偵測與大語言模型應用，優化平台運營與使用者互動，鞏固其在共享住宿市場的領先地位。 Airbnb的雲端化與AI應用不僅是數位轉型的成功案例，更突顯雲端計算在產業應用中創造價值與驅動創新的關鍵角色。

Abstract This study uses Airbnb as a case study to explore the application and impact of cloud computing in the hospitality industry. Since its founding in 2008, Airbnb has faced rapid growth, including infrastructure scalability, global requirements, complex data management, and high costs. To address these challenges, Airbnb migrated its core IT architecture to Amazon Web Services (AWS), gradually evolving from a monolithic application to microservices and then to a service integration architecture. Its operational models encompass IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS, primarily deployed in the public cloud, leveraging AWS's global infrastructure to support rapid scalability, improve availability, and enhance security. This cloud transformation offers numerous benefits: technically, it provides elastic scalability, high availability, and efficient data processing. Operationally, it reduces costs through a serverless architecture and pay-as-you-go model, while its global presence enhances service consistency and compliance. Commercially, it improves the user experience, enhances marketing precision and revenue models, and strengthens the company's ability to rapidly adapt and innovate. Furthermore, the integration of AI technology has enabled Airbnb to optimize platform operations and user interactions through search and recommendation systems, dynamic pricing, customer service automation, fraud detection, and the application of large language models, solidifying its leading position in the shared accommodations market. Airbnb's cloud-based approach and AI applications are not only a successful example of digital transformation but also highlight the critical role of cloud computing in creating value and driving innovation in industry applications.