臺灣地區司法判決對理賠金額差異性之研究

Abstract

(1)目的：交通事故的發生會造成人員死傷與財物的損失，而雙方對賠償金額有極大之差異，若無法和解，進一步就會有司法之訴訟，進行訴訟時不僅有各種費用之支出，如：訴訟費、律師費、鑑定費等，更因為訴訟時間延宕多時並造成當事者極大精神壓力，因此，本研究探以小客車為主體的道路交通事故且進行法律訴訟之案件。 (2)過程及方法：利用民國105年台灣司法判決書彙整全國各地方法院的總案件數共644件，其中重訴有98件，訴有546件，重新編碼建檔分析後，有14個事故變數及12個理賠變數合計26個變數，採一般統計、卡方檢定、單因子變異數ANOVA分析及多重比較法，卡方檢定中共利用10項變數，其中顯著變數為性別、重訴與訴及事故類別，並以A1、A2、A3事故成本探討受害者請求金額以司法判決的差異性。 (3)結果：事故發生至法院判決平均天數，其中A1有60件平均天數約1年9個月(673.8)；A2有538件平均天數約2年1個月；A3有46件平均天數約1年8個月(742.3)，合計644件且事故發生至法院判決平均天數為2年(725.7)。本研究之成果可供教育之宣導，且具有調解參考價值。

Traffic accident would cause a lot of issues. If one of parties didn’t want to compromise, they will face the lawsuit. Thus, this study will discuss general passenger car that they have lawsuit and accident cost. The Judicial Yuan of Republic China Law and Regulations Retrieving System in 2016 and have 644 papers. This study use general statistic Chi-square test、Chi-square test 、Analysis of Variance and Fisher’s Least Significant Difference Procedure. Used claim amount of Fatal Traffic Accident, Injured-only Accident and Property Damage Traffic Accident to research the difference between justice and insurance claim in Taiwan. The results of this study are as follows: The average number of days from the accident to the court, Fatal Traffic Accident is about 1 year and 10 months (673.8 days), Injured-only Accident about 2 years, and Damage Traffic Accident is about 1 year and 8 months (742.3days).A total of 644 cases and the average number of days from the accident to the court is 2 years (725.7 days).